The problem of exploiting natural resources and protecting the marine environment in many regions and countries is facing many challenges, many resources are exhausted, the marine environment in many places is polluted to the level of alarm has caused. out of serious damage, hindering the socio-economic development of many countries. The purpose of this article is to understand the current situation of marine resources and environmental issues facing and summarizing a number of specific solutions that are being applied in many countries aimed at sustainable management. Originally and protect the marine environment.
Overview of the world and regional marine environmental, marine environment
Currently, the pressure of population growth is faster and faster, the demand for economic development is increasing in the context of increasingly exhausted land resources to promote the tendency to go to the sea and exploit it. Sea, enrichment from the sea, but often accompanied by the methods of lack of sustainability; Exploiting activities mainly focus on economic development goals to achieve maximum wishes, while underestimating environmental protection, or without or lack of expenditure plannings and plans. Details, specifically, along with loose management mechanism of many countries around the world, especially in the context of the impact of climate change with the main manifestations of sea level and left temperature. Land, issues of exploitation of natural resources and marine environment protection in many areas and countries are increasingly facing many challenges, many resources are exhausted, the marine environment in many places is polluted to the extent of reporting. dynamic.
Research results of the United Nations, FAO and other international organizations point out that more than 80% of the global fish have been exploited, of which up to 25% of the global fish have been exploited too much. Overexploited (Overexploited) or depleted (Depleted), while many other marine species are facing the risk of destruction when the fishing output has decreased by 90% in recent years.
In addition to the situation of many sources of marine mineral resources, petroleum resources and other non -regenerated marine resources are being exploited excessively, lack of sustainability, coral reef destruction, seagrass, forests Mangroves are also increasing in many parts of the world. It is estimated that seagrass has lost 30-60% and mangroves – accounting for 1/3 of the world forest area – losing up to 70% and about 11% of global coral reefs have been completely destroyed before the year. 1998. Over the past 20 years, Southeast Asian countries have lost 12% of coral reefs, 48% of other coral reefs are in serious recession. Coral reefs are often the habitat of a quarter of fish, and also the residence of other marine species. The loss of coral reefs and will cause the amount of fish to be seriously impaired, even leading to the extinction of some marine creatures because they have no place to reside and reproduce. This not only seriously affects the environment but also causes many socio-economic issues due to the shortage of food supply to residents living in the islands and coastal areas, leading to the truths. mass migration from coastal areas into the central areas …
Along with the decline, depletion of many marine benefits due to unreasonable exploitation, use and lack of sustainability, the marine environment in many areas on earth is suffering from many challenges and serious threats when Coastal population is increasing, coastal economic activities are growing, many coastal estuaries are polluted by wastewater from industrial parks and urban areas, along with the destruction of mangroves. Increasing, and the increase in frequency and level of influence of natural disasters due to climate change ….
In a report of the Center for Ocean Solutions (Center for Ocean Solutions) published in May 2009, the title “The ecosystem and people of the Pacific: threats and opportunities for action action ”, With the participation of more than 30 scientists in the natural, physical and social fields, from the source of information and data analysis of 3400 articles, scientific reports of more than 50 countries And the territory, the report stated the main threats to the marine and ocean environment, their influences and the roadmap and measures to deal with these threats. According to the results of the research from the report, in the main threats that the marine environment is facing in 50 countries and territories, in rich countries as well as poor countries, in other countries. , archipelago, crowded or sparse areas have a very common point of very common level and is at that alarm level:
1. Environmental pollution is derived from the mainland and from the sea.
2. Destroying natural residence.
3.The waterfall and excessive fishing.
4. Movement of climate change.
5. Finally, the threats to the environment are: the penetration of alien species and the resonance threats of the aforementioned threats.
Overview of the world and regional marine environmental, marine environment
Currently, the pressure of population growth is faster and faster, the demand for economic development is increasing in the context of increasingly exhausted land resources to promote the tendency to go to the sea and exploit it. Sea, enrichment from the sea, but often accompanied by the methods of lack of sustainability; Exploiting activities mainly focus on economic development goals to achieve maximum wishes, while underestimating environmental protection, or without or lack of expenditure plannings and plans. Details, specifically, along with loose management mechanism of many countries around the world, especially in the context of the impact of climate change with the main manifestations of sea level and left temperature. Land, issues of exploitation of natural resources and marine environment protection in many areas and countries are increasingly facing many challenges, many resources are exhausted, the marine environment in many places is polluted to the extent of reporting. dynamic.
Research results of the United Nations, FAO and other international organizations point out that more than 80% of the global fish have been exploited, of which up to 25% of the global fish have been exploited too much. Overexploited (Overexploited) or depleted (Depleted), while many other marine species are facing the risk of destruction when the fishing output has decreased by 90% in recent years.
In addition to the situation of many sources of marine mineral resources, petroleum resources and other non -regenerated marine resources are being exploited excessively, lack of sustainability, coral reef destruction, seagrass, forests Mangroves are also increasing in many parts of the world. It is estimated that seagrass has lost 30-60% and mangroves – accounting for 1/3 of the world forest area – losing up to 70% and about 11% of global coral reefs have been completely destroyed before the year. 1998. Over the past 20 years, Southeast Asian countries have lost 12% of coral reefs, 48% of other coral reefs are in serious recession. Coral reefs are often the habitat of a quarter of fish, and also the residence of other marine species. The loss of coral reefs and will cause the amount of fish to be seriously impaired, even leading to the extinction of some marine creatures because they have no place to reside and reproduce. This not only seriously affects the environment but also causes many socio-economic issues due to the shortage of food supply to residents living in the islands and coastal areas, leading to the truths. mass migration from coastal areas into the central areas …
Along with the decline, depletion of many marine benefits due to unreasonable exploitation, use and lack of sustainability, the marine environment in many areas on earth is suffering from many challenges and serious threats when Coastal population is increasing, coastal economic activities are growing, many coastal estuaries are polluted by wastewater from industrial parks and urban areas, along with the destruction of mangroves. Increasing, and the increase in frequency and level of influence of natural disasters due to climate change ….
In a report of the Center for Ocean Solutions (Center for Ocean Solutions) published in May 2009, the title “The ecosystem and people of the Pacific: threats and opportunities for action action ”, With the participation of more than 30 scientists in the natural, physical and social fields, from the source of information and data analysis of 3400 articles, scientific reports of more than 50 countries And the territory, the report stated the main threats to the marine and ocean environment, their influences and the roadmap and measures to deal with these threats. According to the results of the research from the report, in the main threats that the marine environment is facing in 50 countries and territories, in rich countries as well as poor countries, in other countries. , archipelago, crowded or sparse areas have a very common point of very common level and is at that alarm level:
1. Environmental pollution is derived from the mainland and from the sea.
2. Destroying natural residence.
3.The waterfall and excessive fishing.
4. Movement of climate change.
5. Finally, the threats to the environment are: the penetration of alien species and the resonance threats of the aforementioned threats.