Câu điều kiện loại 2 nằm trong chuỗi bài học về câu điều kiện mà bạn cần phải nắm chắc để không bị nhầm lẫn với các loại còn lại. Để giúp bạn học vững kiến thức, IELTS Fighter sẽ chia sẻ cho bạn kiến thức tổng quát về câu điều kiện loại 2 và cách sử dụng nó ra sao nhé!
Định nghĩa
Câu điều kiện loại 2 là câu dùng để diễn tả một hành động, sự việc có thể sẽ không xảy ra trong tương lai dựa vào một điều kiện không có thật ở hiện tại.
Công thức
Câu điều kiện loại 2 hoặc câu điều kiện nói chung thường sẽ có 2 mệnh đề. Một mệnh đề mô tả điều kiện “nếu“, mệnh đề còn lại là mệnh đề chính “thì“.
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Mệnh đề điều kiện |
Mệnh đề chính |
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If + S + V-ed/V2 |
S + would/could/should… + V-inf |
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If + (HTĐ/QKĐ/QKHT) |
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*Lưu ý: Người bản xứ thường sử dụng dùng “were” ở tất cả các ngôi thay cho “was“.
Cách dùng
Dùng để diễn tả một hành động, sự việc có thể sẽ không xảy ra trong tương lai.
Ví dụ : If I were rich, I would buy that car. ( Nếu tôi giàu sang, tôi sẽ mua chiếc xe đó. )
=> Hành động ” mua xe ” hoàn toàn có thể sẽ không xảy ra trong tương lai bởi anh ấy hiện tại không phải là người ” giàu ” .
Dùng để khuyên bảo, đề nghị hoặc yêu cầu.
Ví dụ : If I were you, I wouldn’t buy it. ( Nếu tôi là bạn, tôi sẽ không mua nó. )
=> Hành động ” mua ” sẽ không xảy ra bởi ” tôi ” không phải là ” bạn ” .
Biến thể của câu điều kiện loại 2
1. Biến thể mệnh đề chính
If + Thì quá khứ đơn, S + would/could/might/had to… + be + V-ing
Ví dụ : If it were Monday, I would be working at the company. ( Nếu thời điểm ngày hôm nay là thứ Hai, tôi sẽ đang thao tác ở công ty. )
If + Thì quá khứ đơn, Thì quá khứ đơn
Ví dụ : If I finished my work yesterday, I was không lấy phí today. ( Nếu ngày hôm qua tôi đã hoàn thành xong việc làm của mình thì thời điểm ngày hôm nay tôi đã rảnh rỗi. )
2. Biến thể mệnh đề if
If + Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn, S + would/could + V-inf
Ví dụ : If I knew you were studying then I wouldn’t bother you. ( nếu tôi biết bạn đang học thì tôi sẽ không làm phiền bạn. )
If + Thì quá khứ hoàn thành, S + would/could + V-inf
Ví dụ : If I finished my work yesterday I would be không tính tiền of my hands now. ( Nếu ngày hôm qua tôi triển khai xong việc làm của mình thì giờ đây tôi sẽ rảnh tay. )
Bài tập
Bài 1: Chọn phương án đúng.
1. If I ( were / was / would be ) ____ rich, I ( will try / would try / tried ) ____ to help the poor .
2. What ( would you do / will you do / did you do ) ____ if you ( see / would see / saw ) ____ a huge spider in your shoe ?
3. If I ( was / would be / were ) ____ you, I ( asked / would ask / will ask ) ____ for their help .
4. If he ( finded / would find / found ) ____ a wallet in the street, he ( would take / took / taked ) ____ it to the police .
5. If she ( were / was / would be ) ____ a colour, she ( is / would be / were ) ____ red .
6. They ( were / would be / will be ) ____ terrified if they ( saw / see / would see ) ____ aliens in their garden .
Bài 2: Điền động từ đúng vào chỗ trống.
1. If I ( have ) ____ a lot of money, I ( buy ) ____ a yacht .
2. If I ( be ) ____ a baby, I ( cry ) ____ all of the time .
3. If she ( eat ) ____ lots of chocolate, she ( have ) ____ bad teeth .
4. If I ( not have ) ____ a pencil, I ( borrow ) ____ one .
5. If he ( not have to ) ____ go to school, he ( watch ) ____ television all day .
6. If she ( have ) ____ good grades, she ( be ) ____ happy .
7. My boss ( be ) ____ very pleased if I ( finish ) ____ the job .
8. I ( not go ) ____ to school if I ( have ) ____ a bad cold .
9. If she ( earn ) ____ some money, she ( buy ) ____ a new dress .
10. If I ( invite ) ____ fifty friends to my birthday party, my parents ( be ) ____ mad .
Bài 3: Hoàn thành câu sau.
1. If he ( start ) ____ at once, he ( arrive ) ____ there by midday .
2. Tom ( be ) ____ sick if he ( eat ) ____ all those chocolates .
3. If I ( my glasses, I able to read. ( lose / not be )
4. You ( become ) ____ ill if you ( forget ) ____ your jacket .
5. If the weather ( get ) ____ colder, I ( buy ) ____a new coat .
Bài 4: Chọn phương án chính xác.
1. If I ( win / won / had won ) ____ the lottery, I ( am / will be / would be / would have been ) ____ a millionaire .
2. If I ( am / were / will be / had been ) ____ rich, I ( will quit / would quit / quit ) ____ my job .
3. I ( travel / would travel / will travel ) ____ around the world if I ( quit / will quit / would quit ) ____ my job .
4. I ( buy / will buy / would buy ) ____ anything I want if I ( get / got / will get / would get ) ____ that jackpot .
5. I ( buy / will buy / would buy / would have bought ) ____ the most expensive car if ( want / wanted / will want / would want ) ____ .
6. If I ( travel / traveled / would travel ) ____ somewhere, I ( stay / will stay / would stay / would have stayed ) ____ in the most luxurious hotels .
7. But I ( am not / will not be / would not be ) ____ too materialistic if I ( have / had / will have / would have ) ____ millions of dollars .
8. I ( help / will help / would help ) ____ the poor if I ( become / became / had become ) ____ a millionaire .
9. I ( give / will give / would give ) ____ some money to charities, if I ( am / will be / would be / were ) ____ rich .
10. If I (have/had/will have/would have) ____ millions of dollars, I (am not/will not be/would not be) ____ mean.
Bài 5: Điền vào chỗ trống.
1. If we ( have ) ____ a yacht, we ( sail ) ____ the seven seas .
2. If he ( have ) ____ more time, he ( learn ) ____ karate .
3. If they ( tell ) ____ their father, he ( be ) ____ very angry .
4. She ( spend ) ____ a year in the USA if it ( be ) ____ easier to get a green card .
5. If I ( live ) ____ on a lonely island, I ( run ) ____ around naked all day .
6. We ( help ) ____ you if we ( know ) ____ how .
7. My brother ( buy ) ____ a sports car if he ( have ) ____ the money .
8. If I ( feel ) ____ better, I ( go ) ____ to the cinema with you .
9. If you ( go ) ____ by bike more often, you ( be / not ) so flabby .
10. She ( not / talk ) ____ to you if she ( be ) ____ mad at you .
Đáp án:
Bài 1:
1. were / would try
2. would you do / saw
3. were / would ask
4. found / would take
5. were / would be
6. would be / saw
Bài 2:
1. had / would buy
2. were / would cry
3. ate / would have
4. didn’t have / would borrow
5. didn’t have to / would watch
6. had / would be
7. would be / finished
8. wouldn’t go / had
9.earned/would buy
10. invited / would be
Bài 3:
1. started / would arrive
2. would be / ate
3. lost / wouldn ´ t be
4. would become / forgot
5. got / would buy
Bài 4:
1. If I won the lottery, I would be a millionaire .
2. If I were rich, I would quit my job .
3. I would travel around the world if I quit my job .
4. I would buy anything I want if I got that jackpot .
5. I would buy the most expensive car if wanted .
6. If I traveled somewhere, I would stay in the most luxurious hotels .
7. But I would not be too materialistic if I had millions of dollars .
8. I would help the poor if I became a millionaire .
9. I would give some money to charities, if were rich .
10. If I had millions of dollars, I would not be mean .
Bài 5:
1. If we had a yacht, we would sail the seven seas .
2. If he had more time, he would learn karate .
3. If they told their father, he would be very angry .
4. She would spend a year in the USA if it were easier to get a green card .
5. If I lived on a lonely island, I would run around naked all day .
6. We would help you if we knew how .
7. My brother would buy a sports car if he had the money .
8. If I felt better, I would go to the cinema with you .
9. If you went by bike more often, you would not be so flabby .
10. She would not talk to you if she were mad at you.
Vậy là đã kết thúc bài học kinh nghiệm về câu điều kiện loại 2 rồi. Các bạn đã nắm vững được kỹ năng và kiến thức hay chưa ? Nếu chưa thì hãy comment xuống phía dưới để IELTS Fighter giúp bạn nhé. Chúc bạn học tiếng Anh hiệu suất cao !
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