I. Chuyển các câu sau sang câu bị động 1. Mary types letters in the office. 2. Peter broke this bottle. 3. They sent me a pre

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1. Giải đáp:

   1, Letters are typed in the office by Mary.

   2, This bottle was broken by Peter.

   3, A present was sent to me last week.

   4, More information was given to us by her.

   5, All the workers of the plan were being instructed by the chief engineer.

   6, The window was broken and some pictures were taken away by the boys.

   7, A lot of money is spent on advertising every day.

   8, A story is going to be told by teacher.

   9, A cake is being cut with a sharp knife by Mary.

   10, The woman with a red hat was looked at by the children.

   Giải thích:

   Bị động :

   – Hiện tại đơn : S + is / am / are + V3 / PII ( by O ).

   – Hiện tại tiếp diễn : S + is / am / are + being + V3 / PII ( by O ).

   – Quá khứ đơn : S + was / were + V3 / PII ( by O ).

   – Quá khứ tiếp diễn : S + was / were + being + V3 / PII ( by O ).

   – Tương lai gần : S + is / am / are + going to + be + V3 / PII ( by O ).

   Trả lời
2. $\text{1. }$Letters are typed in the office by Mary

   $\text{2. }$This bottle was broken by Peter

   $\text{3. }$I was sent a present last week.

   $\text{4. }$We were given more information by her.

   $\text{5. }$All the workers of the plan were being instructed by the chief engineer

   $\text{6. }$The window was broken and some pictures were taken away by the boys

   $\text{7. }$A lot of money is spent on advertising every day.

   $\text{8. }$A story is going to be told by teacher

   $\text{9. }$A cake is being cut with a sharp knife by Mary

   $\text{10. }$The woman with a red hat was looked at by the children

   – Cấu trúc bị động thì Hiện tại đơn:

   (+) S+ am/is/are+ V-ed/ bqt+ (by+O)

   (-) S+ am not/ isn’t/ aren’t+ V-ed/ bqt+ (by+O)

   (?) Wh-question+ am/is/are+ S+ V_ed/ bqt+ (by+O)?

   – Trong đó: 

   I+ am

   He/ she/ it/ Danh từ số ít+ is

   They/ we/ you/ Danh từ số nhiều+ are

   – Cấu trúc bị động thì Quá khứ đơn: 

   (+) S+ was/were+ V_ed/ bqt+ (by+O)

   (-) S+ wasn’t/ weren’t+ V_ed/ bqt+ (by+O)

   (?) Wh-question+ was/were+ S+ V_ed/ bqt+ (by+O)

   – Trong đó: 

    We/ You/ They/ Danh từ số nhiều + were

                     I/He/ She/ It / Danh từ số ít+ was

   – Cấu trúc bị động thì tương lai gần: 

   (+) S+ am/is/are+ going to be+ V-ed/ bqt+ (by+O)

   (-) S+ am not/ isn’t/ aren’t+ going to be+V-ed/ bqt+ (by+O)

   (?) Wh-question+ am/is/are+ S+going to be+ V_ed/ bqt+ (by+O)?

   – Trong đó: 

   I+ am

   He/ she/ it/ Danh từ số ít+ is

   They/ we/ you/ Danh từ số nhiều+ are

   – Với các chủ ngữ chủ động là ” I , he , she , we , they” thì khi chuyển sang câu bị động, có thể lược bỏ phần “by O”

   – Với các chủ ngữ chủ động là ” People , no one , some one, no body, … ” thì viết lại với câu bị động, phải lược bỏ phần “by O”  

   – Trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn luôn đứng trước “by O”

   – Trạng từ chỉ thời gian luôn đứng sau “by O”

   $\text{# themoonstarhk}$

   Trả lời